Dangers of childbirth

　　Critical situation one placental abruption

　　The truth about the crisis

　　Usually, the normal position of the placenta is at fetus After delivery Uterus Wall detachment, but if the placenta is partially or completely detached from the uterine wall before the fetus is delivered during late pregnancy or delivery, it is called placental abruption. its occurrence is related to pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome associated with chronic nephritis. Because both can spasm small blood vessels throughout the body, causing ischemia, necrosis, rupture, and bleeding of distal capillaries, thus separating the placenta from the uterine wall. ； In addition, in the third trimester of pregnancy, if the abdomen is hit or fell first, rough sexual intercourse, often in the supine position, lack of folic acid in the diet, external inversion surgery is performed to correct the fetal position due to abnormal fetal position, the fetal umbilical cord is too short or is wrapped around the neck, causing the umbilical cord to be too short, and the pressure in the uterus suddenly drops, such as excessive amniotic fluid flowing out in large amounts when the membranes rupture, the placenta can be separated from the uterine wall.

　　Critical diamniotic fluid embolism

　　Amniotic fluid embolism means that during delivery, a large amount of amniotic fluid enters the mother's blood circulation, and the meconium, mucin, hair, epithelial cells and vernix in the amniotic fluid become emboli, thus causing blood embolism.； At the same time, because amniotic fluid contains substances that destroy coagulation factors, causing problems with coagulation function, the mother will immediately suffer from pulmonary embolism, shock and uncontrollable massive bleeding.

　　The truth about the crisis

　　Fact 1: The blood vessels of the cervix are often lacerated during delivery. When the fetal membranes are ruptured due to excessive contraction of the uterus, amniotic fluid will enter the blood circulation through the lacerated blood vessels, causing blood embolism.

　　Fact 2: After a pregnant mother's membranes rupture, the amniotic fluid can enter between the fetal membrane and the uterine wall and reach the edge of the fetal membrane. When the uterus contracts too tightly, the amniotic fluid will pass through the sinusoids (a very small blood vessel network) at the edge of the placenta and enter the blood circulation of the pregnant mother, causing embolism.

　　Fact 3: In the event of uterine rupture or early placental detachment, placenta previa In cases such as cesarean section and cesarean section, amniotic fluid accidentally enters the blood circulation through open blood sinuses.

　　Three mothers in critical condition have uterine rupture

　　Uterine rupture is a sudden rupture of the uterine body or lower segment of the uterus during late pregnancy or delivery. This is an extremely serious emergency in obstetrics. If not discovered or treated in time, it will often lead to the tragic death of the pregnant mother and the fetus. Uterine rupture is more common in mothers who have given birth in the past few years, because multiple births have made their uterine walls less elastic. In addition, loose abdominal walls can easily lead to abnormal fetal position, thus forming a hidden "time bomb" that can easily cause uterine rupture.

　　And today's female Most people only give birth to one baby, so why is there such a danger?

　　The truth about the crisis

　　Fact 1: Pregnant mothers use improper contraceptive measures and always take a chance, thinking that it will not fail. If it fails, they can still have an abortion.

　　However, artificial abortion is only a remedial measure taken as a last resort. However, it is not known that this will make the endometrium very thin and cause pathological changes, especially if uterine perforation occurs. During childbirth, it is difficult to resist strong uterine contractions and rupture occurs.

　　Fact 2: The fetus grows too large (weight exceeds 4000 grams), the fetal head is not commensurate with the mother's pelvis, the fetal position is incorrect (especially the transverse position that is easily overlooked), the fetus is deformed (such as hydrocephalus) or the mother has a tumor in the pelvic cavity, which can block the first exposed part of the fetus, causing strong contraction of the uterine muscles, causing the lower uterine muscles to be stretched, stretched, thinned, and eventually stretched to cause uterine rupture.

　　Fact 3: The pregnant mother had a cesarean section in a short period of time, the incision did not heal well, and she had undergone myomectomy. This pregnancy resulted in uterine rupture due to scar rupture.； This pregnancy is placenta previa, and the placenta is implanted in the lower segment of the uterus, and the muscle tissue here is fragile and can easily stretch upward due to tearing of the cervix, causing the lower segment of the uterus to rupture.

　　Fact 4: Inappropriate or rough assisted vaginal delivery, such as forceps or breech traction when the uterine opening is not fully dilated, can often lead to lacerations of the cervix, severe tearing and extension, and rupture of the lower segment of the uterine body.； Forced internal inversion surgery during difficult labor can also lead to uterine rupture.

　　Fact 5 Oxytocin can cause uterine muscles to contract and open the cervix to help pregnant mothers give birth to their babies as soon as possible. However, it must be used appropriately. If used when the fetal head is obviously out of proportion to the mother's pelvis, it will cause uterine rupture.

　　Eclampsia occurs in critical situation 4

　　Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the most common complication of pregnant mothers in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. It mainly presents with high blood pressure, edema, and proteinuria at the beginning. However, if the condition cannot be controlled, it may further develop into severe pregnancy-induced hypertension, that is, preeclampsia.

　　They can occur before delivery, during delivery and within 24 hours after delivery. They are very dangerous obstetric diseases. If not treated promptly and effectively, many serious complications that endanger the lives of mother and child may occur in a short period of time, or may lead to long-term sequelae, affecting the mother's health for a long time. healthy。

　　The truth about the crisis

　　Due to a sudden increase in blood pressure, arterioles spasm in the tissues of many important organs throughout the body, leading to ischemia and hypoxia, especially ischemia of the heart, brain, kidneys, liver and placenta.

　　As a result, the function is severely damaged, resulting in cerebral hemorrhage, kidney and heart failure, liver necrosis or even rupture, retinal detachment, placental abruption, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

　　Critical Situation Five Postpartum Hemorrhage

　　If a pregnant mother has vaginal bleeding of more than 400 ml within 24 hours after the baby is born, the doctor can identify it as postpartum hemorrhage. It is a common and serious obstetric complication that mostly occurs within 2 hours after delivery. If there is a large amount of bleeding in a short period of time, the pregnant mother can quickly develop hemorrhagic shock, which is one of the important causes of death of the pregnant mother. Sometimes, even if life is saved, due to prolonged shock, ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland occurs, resulting in Sheehan's syndrome, which seriously affects future health and quality of life.

　　The truth about the crisis

　　Fact 1: A prolonged labor process or a pregnant mother’s physical exhaustion, too much nervousness, overexpansion of the uterus due to an oversized fetus or polyhydramnios, placenta previa, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, etc. can cause uterine contraction weakness, causing the muscle fibers of the uterus to be unable to contract and retract strongly after the placenta is expelled, thereby reducing bleeding on the placenta stripping surface.

　　Fact 2: Half an hour after the baby is delivered, the placenta is incompletely detached or is completely detached but still remains in the uterus, the placenta is difficult to deliver, or the placenta is partially adhered to the uterine wall and cannot be detached by itself, which can affect uterine contraction and cause bleeding.

　　The truth: Delivering a baby too quickly or the baby growing too big may cause tears in the perineum, vagina, cervix, or even rupture of the lower uterine segment, resulting in excessive bleeding.