What causes white spots on the foreskin?

The appearance of white spots on the foreskin may be related to factors such as ectopic sebaceous glands, pearly penile papules, fungal infections, allergic reactions, or genital warts. It is recommended to seek medical treatment promptly for a clear diagnosis and avoid self-treatment.

1. Ectopia of sebaceous glands

Ectopia sebaceum is a common cause of white spots on the foreskin, which manifests as white or light yellow papules ranging from pinpoint to millet size, with no pain or itching. This disease is related to the increase in androgen levels after puberty and is a normal physiological variation that usually does not require treatment. If it affects the appearance or is complicated by infection, laser or cryotherapy may be considered. Daily attention should be paid to cleaning the perineum to avoid excessive friction and irritation.

2. Pearly penile papules

Pearly penile papules mostly occur on the edge of the coronal sulcus and appear as pearly white translucent papules arranged in rows. The disease is related to poor local hygiene or chronic irritation. It is a benign lesion and will not be contagious or malignant. Generally, no special treatment is required. If the patient requires treatment, carbon dioxide laser can be used to remove it. Keeping your genitals dry and clean can help prevent recurrence.

3. Fungal infection

Candida albicans infection may cause white patches on the foreskin with itching and scaling, which is common in people with diabetes or a weakened immune system. The diagnosis requires fungal microscopy, and antifungal drugs such as miconazole nitrate cream, clotrimazole ointment, or fluconazole capsules can be used as directed by your doctor. During the treatment period, underwear should be changed frequently, sexual intercourse should be avoided, and the spouse should be checked and treated simultaneously.

4. Allergic reaction

Contact with allergenic substances such as condoms and detergents may cause foreskin contact dermatitis, which manifests as white papules accompanied by redness, swelling and itching. Suspected allergens need to be stopped immediately and hydrocortisone butyrate cream can be applied topically to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, loratadine tablets can be taken orally. It is recommended to choose fragrance-free toiletries and wear pure cotton breathable underwear to reduce friction and irritation.

5. Genital warts

Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus infection can appear as white cauliflower-like growths in the early stage and are contagious. The diagnosis needs to be confirmed by acetic acid white test or pathological examination. In clinical practice, podophyllotoxin tincture, imiquimod cream and other drugs are commonly used, or freezing and photodynamic therapy are used to remove warts. The disease is easy to relapse and should be reviewed regularly and unclean sex should be avoided.

You should pay attention to the changes in white spots every day and avoid scratching or picking them yourself. Clean the foreskin and glans with warm water every day, and dry them in time after washing. Choose loose-fitting, breathable cotton underwear to avoid sitting in wet environments for long periods of time. If the white spots continue to enlarge, rupture and exude fluid, or are accompanied by pain and fever, you should immediately go to a dermatology or urology department for treatment. Sexual partners who experience similar symptoms need to be examined together, and sexual life should be suspended during treatment until recovery.